Along with Huey P. Newton, Bobby Seale co-founded the Black Panther Party in 1966. He was tried as one of the "Chicago 8" in 1969. Mid-way through the case, Judge Julius Hoffman ordered US Marshals to place a gag around Seale's mouth and chain him to a chair ― he had demanded to serve as his own attorney while Charles Garry was recovering from a surgery.